MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an Auto-immune condition in which the Immune System attacks the central nervous system. Disease onset usually occurs in young adults and it is more common in women.
MS affects the ability of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord to communicate with each other. Nerve cells communicate by sending electrical signals called action potentials down long fibers called axons, which are wrapped in an insulating substance called myelin. In MS, the body’s own Immune System attacks and damages the myelin. When myelin is lost, the axons can no longer effectively conduct signals.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of MS usually appear in episodic acute periods of worsening (relapses, exacerbations, bouts or attacks), in a gradually-progressive deterioration of neurologic function, or in a combination of both.
Some are neurological symptoms include :-
• Muscle weakness.
• Muscle spasms.
• Problems with co-ordination.
• Problems with balance.
• Speech problems.
• Fatigue.
• Chronic pain.
• Bladder and bowel problems.
• Depression.
• Unstable moods.
The tests that are applicable to this pathological condition are :-
However not all of the doctors will necessarily use all of these tests, some may use less and some more. Specific patients may require different tests and therefore the final selection of any tests must be made in conjunction with a medical doctor.
We appreciate that some readers have yet to decide upon the doctor and if you would like to receive a short list from which you can make the final selection please E-mail us. It is advisable that you identify the suspected or diagnosed pathological condition in order for us to provide the most appropriate options.
MS affects the ability of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord to communicate with each other. Nerve cells communicate by sending electrical signals called action potentials down long fibers called axons, which are wrapped in an insulating substance called myelin. In MS, the body’s own Immune System attacks and damages the myelin. When myelin is lost, the axons can no longer effectively conduct signals.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of MS usually appear in episodic acute periods of worsening (relapses, exacerbations, bouts or attacks), in a gradually-progressive deterioration of neurologic function, or in a combination of both.
Some are neurological symptoms include :-
• Muscle weakness.
• Muscle spasms.
• Problems with co-ordination.
• Problems with balance.
• Speech problems.
• Fatigue.
• Chronic pain.
• Bladder and bowel problems.
• Depression.
• Unstable moods.
The tests that are applicable to this pathological condition are :-
- Analysis of Brain Chemistry (ABC)
- Analysis of Brain Regulators (ABR)
- Interleukin 4 (IL-4) Gene Expression
- Interleukin 6 (IL-6) Gene Expression
- Interleukin 8 (IL-8) Gene Expression
- Interleukin 17 (IL-17) Gene Expression
- Interleukin 23 (IL-23) Gene Expression
- Interleukin 2 Receptor Alpha (IL-2 Ra) Gene Expression
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) Gene Expression
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) Gene Expression
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) Gene Expression
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 10 (MMP-10) Level
- Th1 Related Cytokines Gene Expression
- Th2 Related Cytokines Gene Expression
- Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-ß1) Gene Expression
However not all of the doctors will necessarily use all of these tests, some may use less and some more. Specific patients may require different tests and therefore the final selection of any tests must be made in conjunction with a medical doctor.
We appreciate that some readers have yet to decide upon the doctor and if you would like to receive a short list from which you can make the final selection please E-mail us. It is advisable that you identify the suspected or diagnosed pathological condition in order for us to provide the most appropriate options.