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TUMOUR
NECROSIS FACTOR
ALPHA (TNF-α) GENE
EXPRESSION

OVERVIEW EXPLANATION

The TNF-α Cytokine (signalling protein) plays a wide range of important functions in the regulation and function of the Immune System. It functions as a primary trigger of the inflammatory mode of the immune process and is also capable of destroying certain tumour and other cell types. As its activity is triggered in response to an actual or perceived threat to the body’s integrity, elevated quantities of TNF-α often reflect the presence of a bacterial or viral infection. In the long-term, such a TNF-α over-abundance increases the risk for the development of chronic Inflammation, insulin resistance, Auto-immune disease including arthritis, septic shock, suppression of bone marrow and stem cell growth, as well as cachexia, which is a wasting syndrome. Persistently low quantities of TNF-α, on the other hand, indicate a diminished immune defence,

DETAILED EXPLANATION

TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory Cytokine mainly produced by the macrophages of the Immune System. It triggers Inflammation and the destruction of some cells, including serotonin-producing neurons, in the brain. This assay is able to assist in the estimation of the formation of the anti-tumour immunity and to provide information related to the presence of pathogenic micro-Organisms and inflammatory processes. It is designed to measure the tumour necrosis factor alpha gene expression as part of the characterisation of the state of the defence system.

High quantities are associated with the presence of a bacterial or viral infection. Any long-term increased TNF-α quantity will lead to chronic Inflammation, insulin resistance, a risk of developing cachexia and the suppression of the growth of bone-marrow progenitors and Stem Cells. A persistently decreased quantity of TNF-? indicates insufficient activity of some immunological cells, such as monocytes and macrophages. This can weaken the defence against many infectious species.

APPLICATION

This assay will provide extremely valuable and accurate information relating to the following pathological conditions :-

- Cancer, Inflammation, infections and Diabetes.
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