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MULTI DRUG
RESISTANCE
(MDR) LEVEL

OVERVIEW EXPLANATION

Multi drug resistance (MDR) proteins are found in both bacteria as well as humans and their principal function is to act as a transporter of various substances in and out of cells. Many Cancer Cells are resistant to specific drugs so they are likely to survive and an evaluation of the level of multi drug resistance will assist in formulating an effective programme for their destruction. High MDR protein levels are an indication of the resistance that abnormal or cancerous are putting up to the drugs or preparations that have been used to destroy them. Low MDR protein levels show that the patient is possibly going to suffer damage to the liver and the blood brain barrier if these drugs or preparations continue to be used.

DETAILED EXPLANATION

The multi drug resistance proteins including P-Glycoprotein, belong to the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) super family of membrane transporter proteins. Proteins from this super family are found in Organisms from bacteria to humans. The functions of these molecules are to transport a wide variety of substances such as ions, amino acids, sugars, peptides and proteins in and out of a cell. Among these transporter molecules the multi-drug resistance proteins act as a drug efflux pump within a cell. This means that a cell can have resistance to cytotoxic drugs and generally to a variety of unrelated preparations, primarily of natural origin. P-Glycoprotein protects a cell from its penetration by a wide range of agents. MDR associated proteins protect liver cells, or blood-brain barrier cells, from penetration by a wide range of agents.

Many Cancer Cells have an enhanced ability to resist the destructive action of a number of drugs and preparations. This means that there is a high probability of Cancer Cells surviving after such treatment. Therefore, the evaluation of multi-drug resistance level will assist in formulating a more effective programme for the destruction of Cancer Cells. This assay is designed to evaluate the transport activity of key multi-drug resistance proteins.

High P-Glycoprotein levels indicate the resistance of Abnormal Cells, e.g. infected, transformed etc., to many drugs and preparations. Low levels indicate an increased ability of some cells, e.g. normal and abnormal, to be destroyed by appropriate drugs and preparations.

High MDR-associated protein levels indicate the resistance of Abnormal Cells in the liver and/or blood-brain barrier to many drugs and preparations. Low levels indicate a risk of damaging the liver or blood-brain barrier during any drug and preparation-based treatment.

APPLICATION

This assay will provide extremely valuable and accurate information relating to all forms of cancer.
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